Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common health condition that affects 1 in 10 women of childbearing age. It’s a hormonal disorder causing enlarged ovaries with small cysts on the outer edges. The exact cause of PCOS is unknown, but it involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Symptoms of PCOS
The symptoms of PCOS can vary, but some of the most common include:
● Irregular menstrual cycles: This is the most common characteristic of PCOS.
● Excess androgen levels: High levels of male hormones may result in physical signs such as excess facial hair (hirsutism).
● Polycystic ovaries: Enlarged ovaries containing numerous small cysts can be detected by ultrasound.
● Weight gain: Many women with PCOS are overweight or obese.
● Acne or oily skin
● Thinning hair or hair loss on the scalp
● Fertility problems: PCOS is one of the leading causes of infertility in women.
Diagnosis of PCOS
Diagnosing PCOS involves a combination of physical exams, medical history, blood tests, and possibly an ultrasound. Dr. Minoos Hosseinzadeh, Medical Director at the Fertility Institute of San Diego, emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis. “Early intervention can manage symptoms and reduce long-term health risks like type 2 diabetes and heart disease,” she notes.
Treatment of PCOS
Treatment for PCOS is often about managing symptoms. Dr. Hosseinzadeh states, “There’s no one-size-fits-all treatment for PCOS. It’s about finding what works for the individual.” Common treatments include:
● Lifestyle changes: Weight loss through a healthy diet and regular exercise can reduce the severity of symptoms.
● Medication: To regulate menstrual cycles, reduce hair growth, and assist with fertility, various medications can be prescribed.
● Fertility treatments: For women with PCOS who are trying to conceive, fertility treatments like ovulation induction or in vitro fertilization (IVF) may be recommended.
PCOS and Fertility
PCOS is a leading cause of infertility due to the irregular ovulation it causes. However, with proper treatment, many women with PCOS can conceive. Dr. Hosseinzadeh states, “PCOS does not mean you can’t get pregnant. It’s about managing the condition and exploring fertility options.”
PCOS is a complex condition, but with early diagnosis and proper management, individuals can lead healthy lives and overcome fertility issues. Dr. Hosseinzadeh concludes, “Our goal at the Fertility Institute of San Diego is to empower women with PCOS with knowledge and treatment options to help them fulfill their dreams of parenthood.”
For more information on PCOS and fertility options, visit Fertility Institute of San Diego.
Sources:
- Mayo Clinic. (2023). Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
- American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2023). PCOS: A Guide for Patients.
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (2023). PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) and Diabetes.
